Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is one of the most recent infections discovered three decades ago. It spread rapidly and is becoming a major health urgency in many countries. So even though HIV affects far too many levels of one's life, a multidimensional strategy is required to decrease its impact. HIV has indeed continued to be an important area of investigation for researchers from a wide range of disciplines, which would include diagnostic and therapeutic, social, and basic sciences.
Table of contents
1. HIV epidemic trends
2. HIV management: newest strategies and goals
3. HIV diagnosis monitoring and testing
4. Prevention methods for HIV
5. Drugs manufactured by Arechar Healthcare as a part of antiretroviral therapy
6. Conclusion
1. HIV trends in its widespread epidemic occurrence
Even though HIV disease transmission pathways have become limited, the infection from the virus has spread rapidly.
Due to the modes of transmission, the HIV epidemic was originally limited to significantly high-risk populations, including sex workers, intravenous drug users (IDUs), and men having sex with men (MSM).
Nevertheless, it eventually made its way to a general population such as through people like sex workers' clients as well as bisexual males, resulting in a more significant proportion of cases which thus reached as greater as 24-27% in certain countries.
Throughout many countries, this same HIV epidemic is diminishing, with the number of newly diagnosed HIV infections starting to fall from 3.2 million in 2001 to a significant number of 2.5 million throughout 2011
However, because the subsequent growth phase of HIV has been reported sometimes in countries, this same risk of attempting to enter the epidemic throughout the second growth phase must always be kept in mind.
As a result, steadily increasing prevention efforts must always be maintained, alongside measures aimed at reducing HIV-related negative perceptions, that either act as a significant barrier to Chronic HIV patients' connectivity to HIV education and treatment programs.
Luckily, effects in the form of negative stigma have been discovered to have been significantly reduced as a consequence of increased experience and understanding regarding HIV/AIDS through community education and awareness campaigns.
2. HIV management: newest strategies and goals
● Since fixed-dose nowadays along with economically generic medications, treating HIV has become easier and less expensive.
● There have been multiple antiretroviral pharmaceutical classifications, while current concepts are already being developed to address different phases of the virus and towards monitoring and suppressing the establishment of drug-resistant alterations in the form of HIV development cycles.
● According to the overwhelming evidence demonstrating early ART Initiation of therapy which increasingly benefits HIV-infected patients through giving individuals a better quality of life, the WHO guidelines for ART initiation have already been recently changed.
● As even the immune system is not allowed towards becoming impaired, immediate action would minimize the likelihood of contracting opportunistic infections with prevalent and infectious microbes in immunocompromised individuals, contributing to a fundamental shift in HIV treatment from immune regeneration to immune maintenance.
● In light of this, the "Test and Treat Strategy" has already been accepted by plenty of physicians and therefore will quickly become a standard of care for HIV therapy. Subsequently, ART therapy has recommendations for children also have been changed.
● The overall average life span of these patients has improved and indeed the frequency of disorders that characterize AIDS has considerably decreased as a consequence of ART's effectiveness in maintaining suppression of viral load.
● Anti-retroviral therapy medications have increased life expectancy and produced accelerated aging in this population, one that has contributed to a phenomenon known as the "Greying from AIDS."
3. HIV diagnosis monitoring and testing
● Despite the constraints of prevention strategies, HIV therapy in form of advanced significantly, rendering it to make it one of those few viral infections for which there is a considerable level of viable as well as an effective form of useful treatment considering it would be a starting point for anti-retroviral therapy (ART)
● HIV diagnosis should always be performed quickly and precisely.
● The screening duration of HIV testing has already been reduced throughout the past years from 6 months to 18 days employing first-hand care through fourth-generation Enzyme-linked- linked immunosorbent assay.
● Quick and immediate tests for HIV diagnosis and identification are being used as point-of-care tests because they don't require one to organize tests in a specialized healthcare facility, thereby increasing testing center coverage at focused facilities even at distant healthcare dedicated facilities.
● The effectiveness of encouraging more people to be examined and receive care has also been enhanced by the multitude of quick and trustworthy tests that are currently readily available.
● .However, additional work is needed to increase the tests and cover more patients for therapy.
● In addition to supporting removing some of the obstacles, home-based HIV testing with counseling (HBHTC) provides testing to people who would otherwise not seek care.
● The point-of-care diagnostic-based-based techniques are also accessible for predicting CD4 counts.
● However, work continues to be undertaken to develop similar tests for evaluating and measuring the viral load.
● Point-of-care testing for HIV diagnosis and monitoring could assist in decentralizing treatment centers, providing treatment that will be increasingly more accessible to populations and other groups which are marginalized and that are more challenging to reach.
● These would indeed minimize the loss of follow-up among patients before the beginning of the treatment processes which has to be consequently initiated
4. Prevention methods for HIV
● Among the most significant disadvantages of ART are its inability to target infectious viral populations, and the demand for a commitment to lifelong and continuous therapy.
● Nowadays, the main objective of HIV research is to develop a cure while avoiding the withdrawal symptoms and expense of lifelong therapy involving genes, ART, bone marrow transplantation, and activation of both the HIV reservoir all have been tried as alternative treatments for HIV so far though.
● Early ART beginning during the acute stage of the infection could also aid in a functioning cure by minimizing the development of the viral reservoir.
5. Drugs manufactured by Arechar Healthcare as a part of antiretroviral therapy
● The formulated salts such as Disoproxil Fumarate and emtricitabine are the two drugs comprising the drug Emfovir.
● This specific tablet is a component of the antiretroviral drug class. This drug is prescribed to manage AIDS ( (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) as well as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection.
● Emfovir helps to initiate a decrease in the body's viral load.
● Keeping oneself properly hydrated and getting sufficient rest for decreasing the side effects including diarrhea and dizziness.
6. Conclusion:
The HIV epidemic has stabilized in many countries because of efficient ART and behavioral HIV prevention strategies.
To further stop the HIV epidemic, these must be maintained and strengthened using biological universal precautions alongside understanding the affordability of activities such as anti-medications.
Hiv / aids are now possible to treat as a chronic medical condition by extending individuals' lives and enhancing their overall quality of life. To accomplish HIV eradication, attempts must be made relentlessly to discover efficacious vaccinations and alternative cures for the disease.
FAQ:
1. Which population is most affected by HIV AIDS?
The population which was affected by HIV AIDS is:-
● Sex workers
● Intravenous drug users
● Men having sex with men
2. Which is a drug manufactured for antiretroviral therapy?
Emfovir is a drug manufactured by Arechar healthcare for the treatment of HIV AIDS using antiretroviral therapy.